METEORITE OR METEORWRONG?
concretions
Hematite and
magnetite are
two iron oxide minerals and most iron
ore deposits consist
mainly of hematite, magnetite, or both.
Hematite concretions
or nodules, sometimes called ironstone concretions, are often
mistaken for meteorites because their unusual shapes catch
people's attention and
they
are denser than most other rocks. Hematite
concretions are formed in sedimentary rocks by oxidation
of pyrite (iron
sulfide)
crystals
or
precipitation of iron oxide from iron rich solutions. Concretions,
which may also be composed in part of the iron
oxy-hydroxides, limonite and
goethite,
come in a wide variety
of bizarre
shapes. Sometimes they're shiny on
the
surface,
which
might give the impression of a meteorite fusion
crust. Note that while a hematite concretion is
rich in iron, it is usually not particularly magnetic.
Magnetite, on the other hand, is highly magnetic, and
it often forms nodules, too.
Clicking on some of the smaller images below will bring up enlargements.
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Below are some solid hematite concretions
found near Wentzville, Missouri. Thanks to Joel for
the photos.
Below are some more hematite
concretions from the country of Georgia. Thanks to
Besik for the photos. |
Here are some from China. Thanks
to Julia for the photos. |
Here are some more from the U.S. Thanks
to Cary for the photos. |
Here are good ones from Isabelle,
who found hers in Australia (left), and Jean, who found
hers in Massachusetts (right).
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Thanks to Micah, here are two views
of another one from Missouri.
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Thanks to Theresa for two views of a concretion from Texas.
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I found two envelopes in my mailbox one day.
One, from Texas, had the stones on the left. The other,
from Wyoming, contained the stone on the right. All
are hematite concretions. Thanks Frank and Joe.
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Thanks to Warwick from Australia for these two.
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Thanks to Ben for these two views of a hematite
concretion
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A most excellent specimen of what I call a dog-turd
concretion. Thanks to Mason in Texas.
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Thanks to Ron from Missouri for these two holey
hematite concretions.
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Thanks to Christine for this one.
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Thanks to Adam for this fine specimen.
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Thanks to Toby for this one from the Sahara.

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This one's from Steve in Portland.

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Tim said this one is from Wisconsin.

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And Paul said this one is from Pennsylvania.
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Jarvis sent this photo of hematite concretions
from west Texas.

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| Thanks to Mark
for this one.
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Here's a likely candidate,
from Peru! It resembles meteorwrong
no. 194. Thanks Jon.
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Sometimes hematite makes coatings on other rocks.
Thanks to Scott for this one. |
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Here are two other examples hematite coatings.
Thanks Tom and Søren.
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Here are two other examples hematite coatings.
Thanks Tom and Søren.
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I was given the stones below as
a child by my grandmother. I don't know where she got
them, but she was from New York state. She called them
"Indian paint pots." (See, for example, Garvies
Point concretions). The stones are hematite
concretions used by native Americans to paint their faces.
The blunt
end
of the stone in the upper left could be rubbed in the
bowl of another stone with water (we used saliva as
kids, of course). A reddish paste was produced because
hematite concretions
are not particularly hard (which is why they make a red
streak in the streak test, below). Because
of their high density, large hematite concretions have
been used since prehistoric times for tools (see Lithic
Casting Lab).
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Some of the rocks in our Photo
Gallery of Meteorwrongs are also hematite concretions:
024 | 046 | 055 | 152 | 155 | 170 | 174 | 186 | 189 | 194 |
205 | 241 | 277
See some "cannon
ball" concretions
Hematite is easy to identify because it makes a red streak.
Also, hematite concretions are denser (heavier for their size)
that any kind of stony meteorite or most other kinds of earth
rocks. For example, the specific gravity of
an ordinary chondrite (the
most common kind of meteorite) is about 3.9 whereas the specific
gravity of a hematite concretion is 4.2-5. For a good discussion
of how to measure specific gravity, click here.
Below are some websites that discuss how concretions
form and that have photos of concretions:
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